running ubuntu 8.10. in my .profile file i had the following line: hst=${HST:0:3} i was cited for a login error because of it, and couldn't log in until i changed the line to: hst=`echo $HST | cut -c1-3` does anyone know why the first construction causes a problem? once i'm logged in, both constructions work fine. tia, dan j. daniel moylan 84 harvard ave brookline, ma 02446-6202 617-232-2360 (tel) 810-454-1823 (fax) jdm-LPA1KyJyIuz1P9xLtpHBDw@public.gmane.org www.moylan.us [death to html bloat!]